1. Stamping pov tseg

1) Vim li cas:

Cov khoom siv raw tsis zoo;

Kev teeb tsa tsis raug, hloov kho thiab siv cov tuag;

Tus neeg teb xov tooj tsis tau noj cov kab txaij kom raug raws qhov chaw tso tseg lossis tsis tau lees tias cov kab txaij tau pub rau hauv qhov sib txawv;

Vim yog kev siv lub sijhawm ntev ntawm qhov tuag, qhov hloov pauv lossis qhov chaw ua haujlwm thiab cov lus qhia qhov hnav tawm;

Vim lub sijhawm ntev ntawm kev cuam tshuam thiab kev co ntawm lub xuas nrig ntaus pwm,qhov txuas nrawm yog xoob, thiab txoj haujlwm teeb tsa ntawm qhov xuas nrig tuag tau hloov pauv;

Tus neeg teb xov tooj tsis saib xyuas thiab ua tsis tau raws cov txheej txheem ua haujlwm.

2) Kev tiv thaiv:

Cov ntaub ntawv raw yuav tsum ua tau raws li cov txheej txheem kev qhia (nruj me ntsis txheeb xyuas qhov tshwj xeeb thiab qib ntawm cov khoom siv raw, thiab ua kev tshuaj ntsuam xyuas hauv chaw ua haujlwm ntawm cov khoom ua haujlwm nrog qhov siab qhov tseeb thiab qhov yuav tsum tau ua kom zoo yog tias muaj kev tso cai.);

Txhua qhov txuas uas tau teev tseg hauv cov txheej txheem cov txheej txheem yuav tsum ua kom raug thiab nruj me ntsis ua raws;

Cov nias thiab tuag thiab lwm yam cuab yeej siv siv yuav tsum tau lav kom ua haujlwm raws li ib txwm ua haujlwm;

Cov txheej txheem tshuaj xyuas nruj yog tsim los thaum tsim cov txheej txheem. Thawj ntu stamping yuav tsum tau tshuaj xyuas tag nrho, thiab kev tsim khoom tsuas tuaj yeem muab tso rau hauv kev tsim khoom tom qab dhau qhov kev tshuaj xyuas. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, kev tshuaj xyuas yuav tsum tau ntxiv dag zog kom daws tau cov xwm txheej hauv lub sijhawm;

Ua raws li cov txheej txheem tsim ua haujlwm zoo, xws li kev hloov chaw ntawm cov khoom ua haujlwm thiab cov seem, yuav tsum siv cov chaw ua haujlwm tsim nyog, txwv tsis pub cov nplaim ntawm cov haujlwm yuav raug tsoo thiab khawb thiab qhov zoo ntawm cov haujlwm yuav raug cuam tshuam;

Thaum lub sijhawm txheej txheem txheej txheem, nws yog qhov tsim nyog los xyuas kom meej tias kab noj hniav ntawm cov pwm huv, thiab cov txheej txheem ua tiav uas yuav tsum tau teeb tsa hauv chaw ua haujlwm yuav tsum tau muab tso kom zoo.

2. Burr ntawm seem seem

1) Vim li cas:

Qhov khoob khoob loj heev, me me lossis tsis sib luag;

Kev txiav ntug ntawm qhov ua haujlwm ntawm qhov tuag yuav ploj mus;

Cov kab nruab nrab ntawm cov punch thiab tuag hloov pauv vim yog kev co mus sij hawm ntev thiab cuam tshuam, thiab cov axes tsis coincide, ua rau ib leeg ib sab burrs.

2) Kev tiv thaiv:

Ua kom ntseeg tau qhov ua tiav thiab ua tau zoo ntawm txiv neej thiab poj niam pwm, kom ntseeg tau qhov ncaj ntawm txiv neej pwm thiab dais lub siab sab, thiab tag nrho cov tuag yuav tsum muaj kev nruj txaus;

Thaum txhim kho lub punch, nws yog qhov tsim nyog los xyuas kom meej qhov sib txawv nruab nrab ntawm cov punch thiab lub puab puab thiab ua kom cov punch thiab lub puab tsaig khov kho ruaj khov rau ntawm cov pwm kho phaj, thiab lub ntsej muag kawg ntawm sab saud thiab qis dua pwm thiab ua haujlwm. saum npoo ntawm xovxwm yuav tsum ua tib zoo sib xws;

Kev nruj ntawm cov xovxwm yuav tsum ua kom zoo, qhov deformation deformation me me, qhov raug ntawm txoj kab thiab kev sib luag ntawm cov phaj thaub qab thiab cov swb yuav tsum tau ua kom siab;

Yuav tsum tau nias kom muaj qhov xuas nrig ntaus txaus;

Qhov siab ntawm qhov tso cai rau khawb ntawm ntu ntu ntawm qhov khoob

Punching ntawv tuab> 0.3> 0.3-0.5> 0.5-1.0> 1.0-1.5> 1.5-2.0

Burr qhov siab ntawm kev kuaj pwm tshiab≤0.015≤0.02≤0.03≤0.04≤0.05

Glitch qhov siab tso cai thaum tsim khoom≤0.05≤0.08≤0.10≤0.13≤0.15

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3. Warping deformation ntawm seem seem

1) Vim li cas:

Muaj lub zog tshem tawm thiab cov tshuaj tiv thaiv uas tsis tsim lub sijhawm ntawm tib kab. (Thaum qhov sib txawv nruab nrab ntawm lub puab tsaig thiab lub puab tsaig loj dhau thiab qhov txiav ntawm lub puab tsaig muaj qhov thim rov qab, lossis thaj chaw sib cuag ntawm lub ejector thiab lub tshuab ua haujlwm tsawg dhau, yuav ua rau muaj kev phom sij).

2) Kev tiv thaiv:

Qhov khoob khoob yuav tsum tau xaiv qhov tsim nyog;

Hauv cov qauv pwm, lub phaj siab (lossis phaj txhawb nqa) yuav tsum muaj kev sib cuag nrog cov nplaim ntawm cov phaj siab thiab muaj qee qhov siab;

Txheeb xyuas qhov txiav ntawm qhov tuag, yog tias muaj lub nraub qaum, qhov txiav ntawm qhov tuag yuav tsum tau txiav kom raug;

Yog tias cov duab ntawm qhov tsis yooj yim yog qhov nyuaj thiab lub zog txiav tsis zoo ib yam thaum lub qhov sab hauv loj, qhov kev sib zog nias tau nce, thiab cov hlua raug nias ua ntej tsis ua haujlwm lossis lub siab raug nias tau siv rau qhov khoob;

Lub phaj yuav tsum tau qib ua ntej xuas nrig ntaus. Yog tias qhov kev hloov pauv hloov pauv tseem tsis tuaj yeem raug tshem tawm, cov haujlwm tom qab xuas nrig ntaus tuaj yeem rov ua dua los ntawm kev ntsuas qib tuag;

Tsis tu ncua tshem tawm cov khoom raug nyiag hauv cov kab noj hniav pwm, ua kom lub ntsej muag ntawm daim ntawv nyias nyias, thiab muaj cov roj thiab cov nkev qhov hauvpwm qauv.

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4. Thaum xuas nrig ntaus, qhov raug ntawm sab nrauv thiab sab hauv ntawm qhov ntu ntu txo qis thiab qhov hloov pauv me me

1) Vim li cas:

Nrhiav tus pin, nres tus pin, thiab lwm yam tau hloov lossis hnav ntau dhau;

Tus neeg teb xov tooj tsis saib xyuas thiab ua tsis zoo hauv kev pub cov ntaub ntawv hloov mus rau sab laug thiab sab xis rov qab;

Qhov tseeb ntawm daim kab xev yog qhov tsawg. Nws yog nqaim dhau thiab dav dhau los pub cov khoom, ua rau nws nyuaj rau xa mus rau qhov chaw xaiv. Cov kab txaij yuav hloov pauv rov qab los thiab tawm hauv daim ntawv qhia, thiab lub qhov taub qhov ua haujlwm sab hauv lub qhov yuav muaj qhov sib txawv loj los ntawm sab xub ntiag thiab nraub qaum txoj haujlwm ntawm cov duab.

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5. Thaum ib feem khoov, qhov loj thiab cov duab tsis tsim nyog

1) Vim li cas:

Kev thim rov qab ntawm cov khoom ua rau cov khoom tsis tsim nyog;

Tus locator tau hnav thiab deformed, uas ua rau txoj hlua khi tsis raug thiab yuav tsum tau hloov nrog tus nrhiav tshiab;

Hauv qhov tsis-coj ua dabtsi yog khoov tuag, thaum kho ntawm xovxwm, kev hloov tsis raug ntawm qhov chaw tuag hauv qab ntawm txoj haujlwm xovxwm slider tseem yuav ua rau cov duab thiab qhov loj ntawm qhov khoov qhov tsis tsim nyog;

Cov cuab yeej nias ntawm pwm tsis ua lossis tsis ua haujlwm txhua. Lub zog quab yuam yuav tsum tau hloov kho lossis lub caij nplooj ntoo hlav yuav tsum tau hloov kom nws ua haujlwm tau zoo.

2) Kev ntsuas kom txo qis rov qab:

Xaiv cov khoom siv thooj ntawv nrog cov qauv ywj pheej loj thiab cov ntsiab lus me me thiab cov khoom siv ruaj khov;

Ua kom cov txheej txheem kho kom raug, thiab siv kho qhov khoov tsis hloov khoov dawb;

Cov khoom siv yuav tsum tau muab txhuam kom huv ua ntej khoov, yog li cov khoom ua kom txias txias ua ntej muag thiab tom qab ntawd khoov rau hauv cov duab;

Yog tias cov duab deformation tshwm sim thaum txheej txheem txheej txheem thiab nws nyuaj rau tshem tawm nws; qhov xav tau ntawm cov punch thiab tuag yuav tsum tau hloov lossis txiav, thiab qhov sib txawv nruab nrab ntawm cov punch thiab cov tuag yuav tsum sib npaug rau cov khoom siv yam tsawg kawg nkaus tuab;

Ua kom thaj chaw tiv tauj ntawm cov pwm puab thiab cov haujlwm ua haujlwm, thiab txo qhov chaw sib cuag ntawm cov pwm convex thiab cov ua haujlwm;

Txais yuav "overcorrection" txoj hauv kev los txo qhov cuam tshuam ntawm kev thim rov qab

6. Cov kab nrib pleb tshwm rau ntawm qhov khoov ntawm ib feem khoov

1) Kev tiv thaiv:

Tshem tawm cov burrs sab nraud ntawm thaj chaw khoov, uas yuav ua rau muaj kev nyuaj siab nyob hauv ib cheeb tsam thiab txo qis ntawm kev khoov deformation; tshem cov burrs hauv cheeb tsam no;

Sab nrog burrs tau muab tso rau sab sab hauv ntawm thaj tsam khoov;

Thaum khoov cov khoom ua haujlwm, nws yog qhov zoo tshaj los ua txoj kev khoov thiab cov kev taw qhia ntawm cov khoom siv (cov lus taw qhia) perpendicular;

Dabtsi yog khoov lub vojvoog yuav tsum tsis pub tsawg dhau, thiab lub vojvoog fillet yuav tsum tau nthuav dav kom deb li sai tau yog tias qhov ua tau zoo tso cai;

Cov nplaim ntawm qhov nkhaus yuav tsum du, tsis muaj qhov pom tseeb pom thiab nti;

Cov txheej txheem txheej txheej nruab nrab yog tau txais thaum lub sijhawm khoov kom tshem tawm kev ntxhov siab sab hauv, thiab khoov muag muag tsis tshua ua rau tawg;

Thaum khoov, qhov khoov loj yuav tsum tau txheej nrog cov roj nplua nyeem kom txo qis kev sib txhuam thaum khoov.

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7. Qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov khoov thaum lub sijhawm khoov

1) Vim li cas:

Thaum cov nplaim paj dawb paug nyob ntawm qhov tuag thaum lub sijhawm khoov, nws yuav muaj kev sib txhuam tsis kam. Yog tias kev sib txhuam tsis kam ntawm ob sab ntawm qhov khoob loj, qhov khoob yuav hloov mus rau sab nrog qhov kev sib txhuam loj dua.

2) Kev tiv thaiv:

Cov ntu nkhaus nrog cov duab asymmetrical tau tsim los ntawm kev khoov sib npaug (ib leeg ib sab nkhaus ntu raug txiav ua ntu sib nrug tom qab ob ntu tau khoov).

Ntxiv ib qho cuab yeej nias yooj yim rau khoov tuag kom qhov khoob tuaj yeem raug nias kom tiv thaiv kev txav mus thaum khoov;

Siv lub qhov sab hauv thiab tsim cov ntawv tso rau hauv kom pom qhov tseeb.

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8. Cov khawb av ntawm qhov nkhaus

1) Yog vim li cas thiab kev tiv thaiv:

Thaum ua tiav kev ua haujlwm txuas ntxiv ntawm cov ntaub ntawv mos xws li tooj liab thiab txhuas alloys, cov hlau me me los yog cov plua plav tau yooj yim ua raws rau ntawm qhov chaw ua haujlwm, ua rau khawb loj dua ntawm qhov. Lub sijhawm no, cov duab thiab lubricating roj ntawm qhov ua haujlwm yuav tsum tau ua tib zoo tshuaj xyuas thiab kawm. Hauv qhov xwm txheej zoo li no, nws yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws kom tsis txhob muaj cov hmoov av thiab tso rau ntawm qhov khoob, thiab txawm tias khawb;

Thaum txoj kev khoov mus rau qhov sib thooj rau cov lus taw qhia ntawm cov khoom, cov kab nrib pleb yuav tshwm sim rau ntawm qhov chaw ua haujlwm, uas yuav txo qis qhov zoo ntawm cov haujlwm. Thaum khoov ntawm ob lossis ntau qhov chaw, xyuas kom tseeb tias txoj kev khoov muaj lub kaum ntse ntse nrog txoj kev taw qhia kom ntau li ntau tau;

Thaum cov nplaim tawg tau siv los ua txheej sab nrauv rau khoov, cov khoom ua haujlwm nquag tawg thiab khawb; yog li ntawd, qhov nplaim nplaim yuav tsum tau siv ua qhov nkhaus sab hauv thaum khoov;

Lub kaum sab xis ntawm lub puab tsaig puab me me dhau, thiab cov cim cuam tshuam tshwm ntawm qhov nkhaus. Txhim kho cov pwm concave thiab nce lub vojvoog ntawm kaum ntawm lub puab tsaig kom tsis txhob khawb ntawm qhov khoov duav;

Qhov sib txawv nruab nrab ntawm lub puab tsaig thiab lub puab tsaig yuav tsum tsis txhob me me. Qhov sib txawv me me yuav ua rau ua rau khaus thiab khawb. Hauv txheej txheem thwj cim, ib txwm tshuaj xyuas qhov hloov pauv ntawm cov pwm sib txawv;

Thaum qhov tob ntawm qhov xuas nrig ntaus rau hauv cov pwm puab loj heev, qhov saum npoo ntawm ntu yuav raug khawb. Yog li ntawd, thaum ua kom ntseeg tau tias nws tsis cuam tshuam los ntawm lub caij nplooj ntoo hlav, qhov tob ntawm qhov xuas nrig ntaus rau hauv cov pwm puab yuav tsum raug txo kom tsim nyog.

Txhawm rau ua kom cov khoom ua tau raws li qhov yuav tsum tau ua kom raug, khoov tuag uas nias cov khoom hauv qab feem ntau siv. Thaum khoov, lub caij nplooj ntoo hlav ntawm lub phaj nias, qhov chaw tso tus pin, lub pallet thiab lub qhov rov qab los txhua qhov yuav raug nias rau hauv qhov nkag, yog li yuav tsum tau hloov kho. .

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9. Txoj hauj lwm ntawm lub qhov khoob hloov thaum khoov

1) Vim li cas:

Txoj hauj lwm thiab qhov loj ntawm lub qhov tsis raug, (khoov thiab ua kom nruj dua);

Lub qhov tsis yog qhov tseem ceeb (qhov siab khoov tsis txaus, khoob khoob, rov qab rov qab, thiab muaj qhov tsis pom ntawm lub dav hlau khoov);

Txoj kab dabtsi yog khoov thiab kab nruab nrab ntawm ob lub qhov tsis sib thooj, thiab qhov uas qhov siab dabtsi yog khoov qis dua qhov siab tshaj qhov khoov qhov siab qhia pom qhov qhib sab nrauv tom qab khoov;

Cov qhov nyob ze ntawm txoj kab khoov yog nquag deformation.

2) Kev tiv thaiv:

Txoj hauj lwm thiab qhov loj ntawm lub qhov tsis nruj me ntsis rau txoj kab uas hla dabtsi yog khoov, lub kaum sab xis thiab cov khoom tuab; cov txheej nruab nrab ntawm cov khoom siv tau txiav thiab qhov tob ntawm cov punch rau hauv cov pwm puab thiab lub ntsej muag thiab lub ntsej muag puab yog qhov zoo ib yam;

Kev ntsuas rau qhov laj thawj sib txawv ntawm kev tsis pom zoo;

Ua kom ntseeg tau tias qhov siab khoov ntawm sab laug thiab sab xis yog qhov raug;

Kho qhov hnav tso rau ntawm tus pin thiab daim phiaj tso rau;

Txo lub caij nplooj ntoo hlav rov qab los kom ntseeg tau tias qhov sib npaug thiab tiaj ntawm ob lub qhov nkhaus;

Hloov cov txheej txheem txheej txheem, thawj khoov thiab kho ua ntej xuas nrig ntaus.

Qhia kev tiv thaiv kom qhib lub qhov ncauj zoo

Thaum khoov, xyuas kom muaj qhov siab tshaj qhov khoov H (H≥R+2tt khoom tuab R khoov vojvoog);

Hloov cov duab ntawm cov txheej txheem ua tiav, thiab tshem tawm ib feem tsawg dua qhov tsawg kawg khoov qhov siab yam tsis cuam tshuam rau kev siv.

Cov qhov nyob ze ntawm txoj kab dabtsi yog khoov rau deformation ntsuas

Thaum tsim cov khoom khoov, ua kom ntseeg tau tias qhov deb X los ntawm ntu khoov mus rau lub qhov ntug yog ntau dua li tus nqi X≥(1.5 ib—2.0) tt tuab ntawm daim ntawv khoov;

Tsim kom muaj lub qhov pabcuam hauv ntu khoov kom nqus tau qhov khoov deformation kev nyuab siab tuaj yeem tiv thaiv qhov deformation ntawm lub qhov uas nyob ib sab ntawm txoj kab dabtsi yog khoov. Feem ntau, kev daws thawj khoov thiab tom qab ntawd xuas nrig ntaus tau txais.

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10. Tom qab ntu tau khoov, qhov khoov tau pom tseeb ua rau nyias nyias

1) Kev tiv thaiv:

Dabtsi yog khoov lub vojvoog me me dhau rau qhov tuab ntawm phaj (r/t> 3 txoj cai-khoov). Feem ntau, khoov vojvoog tau nce;

Kev khoov ntau lub kaum sab xis ua rau khoov ib sab zuj zus thiab loj dua. Txhawm rau txhawm rau txo qhov thinning, sim siv ib leeg-lub kaum ntse ntse txheej txheem txheej txheem khoov ib leeg;

Thaum siv lub ntsej muag ntse-punch siv, lub punch nkag mus rau hauv cov pwm sib sib zog nqus heev, uas txo qis qhov tuab ntawm qhov khoov duav.

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11. Lub flange ntawm qhov kos ib feem me ntsis thaum lub sijhawm kos duab

1) Vim li cas:

Lub pluaj yas tuav ntawm lub flange me me dhau los tiv thaiv kev nruj nruj heev nws ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam tsis zoo, uas ua rau cov plaub hau poob tom qab poob kev ruaj ntseg. Cov ntaub ntawv me dua yog yooj yim dua los ua pob.

2) Kev tiv thaiv:

Ua kom tus neeg tuav ruaj khov ntawm tus tuav dawb thiab tsim nyog nce qhov tuab ntawm cov khoom.

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12. Qhov laj thawj thiab kev tiv thaiv ntawm phab ntsa ntawm cov duab kos tau tawg

1) Vim li cas:

Lub zog tensile lub zog uas cov khoom dais thaum nqus cov duab loj dhau lawm;

Lub kaum sab xis ntawm lub puab puab yog me me heev;

Tsis zoo nqus nqus thiab lubrication;

Cov khoom siv raw muaj cov yas tsis zoo.

2) Kev tiv thaiv:

Txo tus neeg tuav lub khoob khoob;

Ua kom lub vojvoog ntawm cov tuag tuag;

Siv cov roj nplua nyeem kom raug;

Xaiv cov khoom siv kom zoo dua qub lossis ua kom cov txheej txheem ua kom huv ntawm cov rooj cob qhia.

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13. Hauv qab ntawm daim duab sib sib zog nqus tau tawg

1) Vim li cas:

Lub vojvoog ntawm cov tuag yog me me dhau, uas ua rau cov khoom siv hauv lub xeev raug txiav.

2) Kev tiv thaiv:

(Feem ntau tshwm sim nyob rau theem pib ntawm kev sib sib zog nqus daim duab) ua kom lub vojvoog ntawm qhov tuag, thiab ua kom nws du thiab qhov ntxhib yuav tsum me me, feem ntau Ra <0.2µm.

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14. Sab ntug ntawm daim duab kos tsis sib xws thiab ntsws

1) Vim li cas:

Qhov khoob thiab qhov chaw nruab nrab ntawm lub puab tsaig thiab lub puab tsaig tuag tsis sib haum lossis cov tuab ntawm cov khoom siv tsis sib xws, thiab lub kaum sab xis kaum ntawm qhov tuag thiab qhov sib txawv ntawm lub ntsej muag thiab lub ntsej muag tuag tsis zoo ib yam. Cov khoom siv khoob khoob khawm tau rub rau hauv qhov tuag kom tsim cov ntug quav tom qab nws tsis nias rau hauv qhov ntswj.

2) Kev tiv thaiv:

Hloov chaw tuag, kho lub kaum sab xis kaum ntawm qhov tuag thiab qhov sib txawv nruab nrab ntawm lub puab tsaig thiab lub ntsej muag tuag kom ua qhov loj me me ua ntej tso nws mus rau hauv kev tsim khoom (txo lub kaum sab xis kaum ntawm qhov tuag lossis siv lub ntsej muag zoo li tus tuav lub cuab yeej tuaj yeem tshem tawm cov pob tw ).

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15. Lub duav rov sauv thaum daim kab xev lossis ntu ntu ntu raug kos

1) Vim li cas:

Thaum pib ntawm kev kos duab tob, feem ntau ntawm cov ntaub ntawv yog nyob rau hauv lub xeev raug ncua. Tsis tas li ntawd, lub pluaj tuav lub zog me me dhau, lub kaum sab xis ntawm txoj kev tuag loj dhau, lossis siv roj nplua nyeem ntau dhau. Ua kom lub zog tensile kev nyuab siab me dua ua rau cov khoom poob kev ruaj ntseg thiab wrinkle nyob rau hauv qhov kev txiav txim ntawm tangential compressive kev nyuaj siab.

2) Kev tiv thaiv:

Ua kom tus neeg tuav lub pluaj ruaj khov lossis txais yuav txoj kab tav tav, txo lub vojvoog ntawm cov nqaij tuag los yog nce cov khoom tuab me ntsis.

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16. Yog vim li cas thiab ntsuas kev tiv thaiv rau kos cov cim ntawm qhov chaw ntawm qhov sib sib zog nqus kos

1) Yog vim li cas thiab kev tiv thaiv:

Muaj cov nplais ntse zuaj rau saum npoo ntawm lub puab tsaig lossis lub puab tsaigpwm, ua rau muaj qhov cuam tshuam rub tawm ntawm qhov chaw ua haujlwm. Lub sijhawm no, cov nplais tawg yuav tsum yog av lossis txhuam;

Qhov sib txawv nruab nrab ntawm lub puab tsaig thiab lub puab tsaig yog me me lossis tsis sib luag, yog li cov nplaim ntawm cov khoom ua haujlwm tau khawb thaum nws tob. Lub sijhawm no, qhov sib txawv nruab nrab ntawm lub puab tsaig thiab lub puab tsaig yuav tsum tau txiav kom txog thaum nws haum;

Qhov sib npaug ntawm qhov tuag yog ntxhib, thiab cov nplaim ntawm cov khoom ua haujlwm yog khawb thaum sib sib zog nqus daim duab. Lub sijhawm no, lub vojvoog sib npaug ntawm qhov tuag yuav tsum tau txhuam;

Thaum stamping, qhov chaw ua haujlwm ntawm cov tuag lossis cov khoom ntawm cov khoom tsis huv thiab cov nplaim ntawm cov khoom sib xyaw nrog cov khoom tsis huv, yog li cov nplaim ntawm cov haujlwm yuav tsum tau khaws kom huv thaum kos duab, thiab yuav tsum tau so ua ntej daim duab ;

Thaum lub zog ntawm lub puab tsaig thiab lub puab tsaig tuag qis, cov hlau hlau txuas rau saum npoo yuav tseem ua rau cov duab kos rau ntawm qhov tob ntawm kev kos duab. Yog li ntawd, ntxiv rau qhov ua kom tawv tawv ntawm lub ntsej muag thiab lub ntsej muag tuag, txheeb xyuas qhov ntsej muag ntawm lub ntsej muag thiab lub ntsej muag tuag los ntawm qee lub sijhawm txawm tias nws raug tshem tawm Cov hlau hauv qab;

Qhov tsis zoo ntawm cov roj nplua nyeem kuj tseem yuav ua rau qhov ntxhib qhov ntxhib ntawm daim duab ua haujlwm sib sib zog nqus. Lub sijhawm no, yuav tsum siv cov roj nplua nyeem rau cov txheej txheem nqus, thiab cov roj nplua nyeem yuav tsum tau lim ua ntej siv yog tias tsim nyog. Txhawm rau tiv thaiv cov khoom tsis huv los ntawm kev sib tov hauv thiab ua kom puas ntawm qhov chaw ua haujlwm.

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17. Ib feem ntawm phab ntsa ncaj ntawm daim duab sib sib zog nqus yog tsis tiaj

1) Yog vim li cas thiab kev tiv thaiv:

Tsis muaj lub qhov cua nkag tau tsim thiab tsim tawm ntawm cov punch, yog li cov nplaim tau deformed los ntawm huab cua uas tau nrawm thiab dhau los ua tsis sib xws. Lub sijhawm no, yuav tsum muab lub qhov cua nkag mus ntxiv;

Cov txiaj ntsig thim rov qab ntawm cov khoom tseem yuav ua rau saum npoo ntawm daim duab ua haujlwm tsis sib xws, thiab thaum kawg, yuav tsum tsim cov txheej txheem ntxiv;

Qhov sib txawv nruab nrab ntawm lub puab tsaig thiab lub puab tsaig yog loj dhau los ua kom cov duab nyuaj ua kom ncaj. Lub sijhawm no, qhov sib txawv yuav tsum tau kho tusyees.